5 advanced PostgreSQL features I wish I knew sooner

A few months ago, I struggled with a planning system. I needed to ensure that no 2 plans could overlap for the same period. My first instinct was to write application-level validation, but something felt off. I thought to myself that surely PostgreSQL had a better way.

Turns out, PostgreSQL is packed with a bunch of underrated (and often simply overlooked) features that can save you from writing complex application logic:

1. EXCLUDE constraints: To avoid overlapping time slots

2. CHECK constraints: For validating data at the source

3. GENERATED columns: To let the database do the math

4. DISTINCT ON: Cleaner than a GROUP BY with subqueries

5. FILTER: To add a condition directly on the aggregate

Even after years of using it, I still discover features that make me question why I ever wrote complex application logic for things the database could handle natively.

I wrote an even more detailed version with examples (in case anyone thinks this isn't long enough lol)

Are there any other advanced PostgreSQL features I should know about?